Utilization of Vermicompost and Earthworms (Lumbricus Rubellus) for Bioremediation of Petroleum Polluted Soils

Lita Darmayanti; Nofia Afifah Putri; Muhardi Muhardi

doi:10.33366/rekabuana.v8i1.3723

Utilization of Vermicompost and Earthworms (Lumbricus Rubellus) for Bioremediation of Petroleum Polluted Soils

Lita Darmayanti, Nofia Afifah Putri, Muhardi Muhardi

Abstract

As one of the petroleum-producing countries, Indonesia is vulnerable to pollution and environmental damage due to petroleum mining activities. Petroleum contains harmful hydrocarbon compounds and can harm the ecosystem of surrounding living things. The hydrocarbon compounds in petroleum are so numerous that to determine petroleum pollution in the soil, the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) parameter is used to represent these hydrocarbon compounds. One of the efforts to overcome the problem of soil pollution by petroleum can be done using biological methods known as bioremediation. Bioremediation is one of the essential alternative technologies because this effort is considered more economical and safe for the environment, although it takes longer. In this study, the technology applied was bioremediation using the vermicomposting technique. This study examined the bioremediation process using the vermicomposting technique by adding vermicompost and earthworms (Lumbricus rubellus) to overcome soil pollution due to petroleum waste. Based on the study's results, the composition of the mixture of oil-contaminated soil with vermicompost in a ratio of 1:2 (w/w) coupled with 25 worms can reduce the TPH level by 89.63%. The addition of vermicompost leads to an increase in soil porosity so that oxygen transfer for the survival of earthworms and the activity of degrading microbes during the bioremediation process is better than before.

ABSTRAK

Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara penghasil minyak bumi rentan terhadap risiko pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan akibat aktivitas pertambangan minyak bumi. Minyak bumi mengandung senyawa hidrokarbon berbahaya, serta dapat merugikan ekosistem makhluk hidup sekitarnya. Senyawa hidrokarbon dalam minyak bumi sangat banyak sehingga untuk menentukan pencemaran minyak bumi pada tanah digunakan parameter Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) untuk mewakili senyawa-senyawa hidrokarbon tersebut. Salah satu upaya penanggulangan masalah pencemaran tanah oleh minyak bumi tersebut dapat dilakukan menggunakan cara biologi yang dikenal dengan isitilah bioremediasi. Bioremediasi merupakan salah satu teknologi alternatif penting karena upaya ini dianggap lebih ekonomis dan aman bagi lingkungan, walaupun membutuhkan waktu yang lebih lama. Dalam penelitian ini, teknologi yang diterapkan adalah bioremediasi menggunakan teknik vermicomposting. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji proses bioremediasi dengan menggunakan teknik vermicoposting dengan menambahkan vermikompos dan cacing tanah (Lumbricus rubellus) sebagai upaya penanggulangan pencemaran tanah akibat limbah minyak bumi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, komposisi campuran tanah terkontaminasi minyak dengan vermikompos dengan perbandingan 1:2 (b/b) yang ditambah dengan 25 ekor cacing bisa menurunkan kadar TPH sebesar 89.63%. Penambahan vermikompos menyebabkan peningkatan porositas tanah sehingga transfer oksigen untuk kelangsungan hidup cacing tanah dan aktivitas mikroba pendegradasi selama proses bioremediasi menjadi lebih baik

Keywords

bioremediation; lumbricus rubellus; TPH; vermicompost

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33366/rekabuana.v8i1.3723

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