Evaluasi Pengaruh Kondisi Operasi Terhadap Kualitas Produk Bawah Kolom Debutanizer
Abstract
The distillation process in the debutanizer column has an essential role in separating the catalytic naphtha product from the light fraction consisting of C3 and C4 hydrocarbon components, both saturated and unsaturated. The naphtha catalytic product is used to blend gasoline because it has a high octane number. The distillation process in the column produces the bottom product of catalytic naphtha and the top product, which is the feed for the stabilizer column. In order to obtain the quantity and quality of catalytic naphtha products, it is necessary to adjust the operating conditions of the debutanizer column properly so that a product that meets the desired specifications is obtained. The method used is the short-cut calculation method which includes the calculation of the material balance and the determination of the condition of the incoming feed. Data collection is obtained from data in the industry. After calculating the material balance of the debutanizer column, the composition of the hydrocarbon constituents of the feed, the top product, and the bottom product can be seen. From the composition data, it can be seen the relationship between operating conditions and the quality of the resulting product. The higher the column operating pressure, the lighter components will be affected, increasing the C4 minus content carried to the bottom product. The higher the C4 minus content, the higher the octane number of catalytic naphtha, but this also affects the Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) of catalytic naphtha, which also increases. Setting the operating pressure of the column should still pay attention to the product RVP limits, so that product specifications are fulfilled.
ABSTRAK
Proses distilasi pada kolom debutanizer memiliki peran yang penting untuk memisahkan produk catalytic naphta dari fraksi ringan yang terdiri atas komponen hidrokarbon C3 dan C4, baik jenuh maupun tak jenuh. Produk catalytic naphta tersebut digunakan sebagai komponen blending gasoline karena memiliki angka oktan yang tinggi. Proses distilasi pada kolom tersebut dihasilkan produk bawah catalytic naphta dan produk atasnya yang merupakan umpan bagi kolom stabilizer. Untuk mendapatkan kuantitas dan kualitas produk catalytic naphta, maka diperlukan pengaturan kondisi operasi kolom debutanizer yang tepat sehingga diperoleh produk yang sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang diinginkan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode perhitungan short-cut yang meliputi perhitungan material balance, dan penentuan kondisi umpan masuk. Pengumpulan data didapatkan dari data di industri. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan material balance kolom debutanizer dapat diketahui komposisi hidrokarbon penyusun umpan, produk atas, dan juga produk bawah. Dari data komposisi tersebut dapat diketahui hubungan antara kondisi operasi terhadap kualitas produk yang dihasilkan. Semakin tinggi tekanan operasi kolom, maka akan mempengaruhi komponen ringan, yakni meningkatkan kandungan C4 minus yang terikut ke produk bawah. Semakin tinggi kandungan C4 minus maka akan meningkatkan angka oktan dari catalytic naphta, namun hal ini juga berpengaruh pada Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) catalytic naphta yang juga meningkat. Pengaturan tekanan operasi kolom tersebut hendaknya tetap memperhatikan batasan RVP produk agar spesifikasi produk terpenuhi.
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