IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA MELALUI PROGRAM SMART DI KELURAHAN SISIR KOTA BATU

Abstract

Abstract : Indonesia is one of countries that most vulnerable to disaster in the world. The high rank of Indonesia is calculated from the number of people who are at risk of losing their lives due to the disaster. To reduce this, a disaster management policy is needed, namely through Program Sisir Siaga Mandiri Relawan Tangguh (SMART). The SMART program is a synchronization between the Tangguh and Siaga Villages which are two community institutions based on community service. This study aimed to describe the implementation of disaster management policies through the SMART program in Kelurahan Sisir, Kecamatan Batu District, Batu. This study used a qualitative method with the data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. To determine the informant, it used a purposive sampling technique. While the data analysis involved data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The validity test was done by triangulation techniques. The results of the study showed that the implementation of disaster management policies through the SMART Program in Sisir Village was categorized as effective. It can be seen from the George C Edward III Policy Implementation Model which included communication, resources, dispositions or attitudes, and bureaucratic structures. The supporting factors were the existence of support from the community and BPBD, as well as cooperation with related agencies. While the inhibiting factors were the lack of synergy between the government and the community, and the lack of personnel and supporting equipment at the time of evacuation in the field.

Keywords: Policy Implementation, Disaster Management, SMART

Abstrak: Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang paling rawan terhadap bencana di dunia. Tingginya posisi Indonesia dihitung dari jumlah manusia yang terancam kehilangan nyawa akibat bencana. Untuk mengurangi hal tersebut, maka diperlukan kebijakan penanggulangan bencana yaitu melalui Program Sisir Siaga Mandiri Relawan Tangguh (SMART). Program SMART merupakan sinkronisasi antara Kelurahan Tangguh dan Kelurahan Siaga yang merupakan dua lembaga kemasyarakatan berbasis pada pelayanan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi kebijakan penanggulangan bencana melalui program SMART di Kelurahan Sisir Kecamatan Batu Kota Batu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi dengan teknik penentuan informan menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan trianggulasi teknik. Hasil penelitian Implementasi Kebijakan Penanggulangan Bencana melalui Program SMART di Kelurahan Sisir dapat dikatakan sudah efektif, dilihat dari Model Implementasi Kebijakan George C Edward III yaitu meliputi komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi atau sikap, dan struktur birokrasi. Faktor pendukungnya yaitu adanya dukungan dari masyarakat dan BPBD, serta kerja sama dengan dinas-dinas terkait. Sedangkan Faktor Penghambatnya yaitu kurangnya sinergitas antara pemerintah dan masyarakat, serta kurangnya tenaga relawan dan peralatan pendukung pada saat evakuasi dilapangan.

Kata Kunci: Implementasi Kebijakan, Penanggulangan Bencana, SMART