KEMAMPUAN Bacillus subtilis dan Pseudomonas fluorescens DALAM MELARUTKAN FOSFAT DAN MEMPRODUKSI HORMON IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TOMAT

Istiqomah Istiqomah; Luqman Qurata Aini; Abdul Latief Abadi

doi:10.33366/bs.v17i1.580

KEMAMPUAN Bacillus subtilis dan Pseudomonas fluorescens DALAM MELARUTKAN FOSFAT DAN MEMPRODUKSI HORMON IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TOMAT

Istiqomah Istiqomah, Luqman Qurata Aini, Abdul Latief Abadi

Abstract

Tomato is an important horticultural commodity in Indonesia and plays strategic role in fulfilling daily needs of the public. The increase in production of tomato can be done by optimizing the provision of nutrients that support growth. The ability of bacteria as biological fertilizer to dissolve phosphate and produce IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) are important criteria for the use of bacteria as agents of plant growth promoters. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of some isolates of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens in dissolving phosphate and produce IAA to enhance the growth of tomato. Phosphate test results showed that all isolates of B. subtilis and P. fluorescens capable of dissolving phosphate with the highest value indicated by P. fluorescens UB-PF5 (18 mm). All isolates of bacteria capable to produce IAA. The resulting value IAA ranged from 0.69 to 1.09 ppm with the highest value produced by B. subtilis UB-ABS2 (1.09 ppm). The test results on the parameters of root weight, root length, plant height and number of leaves showed that tomato treated with B. subtilis and P. fluorescens increased significant growth compared with watering only with distilled water. The highest increased root weight and root length were resulted by P. fluorescens UB-PF5 with values 97.10% and 64.83%, respectively. The highest increased plant height and number of leaves length were resulted by P. fluorescens UB-PF6 with values 38,80% and 30,7%, respectively.

Keywords

Phosphate, Indole Acetic Acid, Bacillus subtilis, dan Pseudomonas fluorescens

Full Text:

PDF

References

Aleel, K.G. 2008. Phosphate Accumulation in Plant: Signaling. J. Plant Physiol. 148 : 3-5.

Alexander, M. 1978. Introduction to Soil Microbiology. 2nd ed. Willey Eastern Limited. New Delhi.

Buntan, A. 1992. Efektifitas bakteri pelarut fosfat dalam kompos terhadap peningkatan serapan P dan efisiensipemupukan P pada tanaman jagung. Tesis. Program Pascasarjana IPB. Bogor.

Bernadus, T dan W. Wahyu. 2002. Bertanam Tomat. Agromedia Pustaka. Jakarta.

Gordon, S.A, and R.P. Weber. 1951. Colorimetric Estimation of Indoleacetic Acid, Plant Physiol.26 : 192-195.

Hanafiah, Anas, Napoleon, dan Ghoffar. 2005. Biologi Tanah: Ekologi dan Mikrobiologi Tanah. PT. Raja Grafindo Persada. Jakarta.

Havlin, J.L, J.D. Beaton, S.L. Tisdale, and W.L. Nelson. 1999. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers. An Introduction to Nutrient Management. Sixth ed. Prentice Hall. New Jersey.

Huang, J., Z. Wei, S. Tan, X. Mei, S. Yin, Q. Sen, and Y. Xu. 2013. The Rhizosphere Soil of Diseased Tomato Plants as a Source for Novel Microorganisms to Control Bacterial Wilt. J. Applied Soil Ecology. 72 : 79-84.

Idris, E.E., D.J, Iglesias, M. Talon and R. Borriss. 2007. Tryptophan- Dependent Production of Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) Affects Level of Plant Growth Promotion by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42. Molecular Plant- Microbe Interaction. 20 :619-626.

Illmer, P., A. Barbato, and F. Schinner. 1995. Solubilizing of Hardly Soluble AlPO4 with P-solubilizing Microorganism. Soil Biol. Biochem. 27 :265-270.

Kundu, B.S and A.C. Gaur. 1980. Establishment of Nitrogen Fixing and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria in Rhizosphere and their Effect on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Wheat Crop. J. Plant Soil. 57: 223-230.

Lestari, P, D. N, Susilowati, and E. I. Riyanti. 2007. Pengaruh Hormon Asam Indol Asetat yang Dihasilakan oleh Azospirillum sp. Terhadap Perkembangan Akar Padi. J. Agro Biogen. 3(2) : 66-71.

Leveau, J. H and S. E. Lindow. 2004. Utilization Of Plant Hormone Indole- 3- Acetic Acid For Growth By Pseudomonas putida Strain 1290. American Society For Microbiology.1(5) : 2365- 2370.

Patil N.B, M. Gajbhiye, S.S. Ahiwale, A.B. Gunjal, and B.P Kapadnis. 2011. Optimization of indole 3-acetic acid (IAA) production by Acetobacter diazotrophicus L1 isolated from sugarcane. J Environ Sci 2 (1): 307- 314.

Prescott, H. 2002. Laboratory Exercise in Microbiology. Tha-Graw Hil Company. New York.

Rismunandar. 1999. Hormon Tanaman dan Ternak. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya.

Rosenblueth, M and E. Martínez-Romero. 2006. The American Phytopathological Society. MPMI Vol. 19, No. 8 :827–837.

Tarabily, K., A. H. Nassar, and K. Sivasithamparam. 2003. Promotion Of Plant Growth By An Auxin- Producing Isolate Of The Yeast Williopsis Saturnus Endophytic In Maize Roots. The Sixth U. A. E University Research Conference. p 60- 69.

Thakuria D., N.C. Talukdar, C. Goswami, S. Hazarika, R.C. Boro, and M.R. Khan. 2004. Characterization and Screening of Bacteria from Rhizosphere in Rice Grown in Acidic Soil from Assam. J. Curr. Sci. 86 : 978 - 985.

Vasques, MM, S. Cesae, R. Azcon, J. M. Barea.2000. Interaction betweeen Arbuscular Mychorrizal Fungi and other Microbial Inoculation (Azosprilium, Pseudomonas, Trichoderma) and their Effects on Microbial Population and Enzyme Activities in the Rhizophere of Maize Plants. Appl soil Ecol. 15:261-272.

Vessey, J.K. 2003. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobachteria as Biofertilizer. Plant and Soil. 225: 571-586.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33366/bs.v17i1.580

Abstract - Print this article - Indexing metadata - How to cite item - Finding References - Email this article (Login required) - Email the author (Login required)

Abstract views: 3213 | PDF views: 4625